Why did this journal retract two 1940s papers by Max Planck?
Summary
Two Planck papers from the 1940s were retracted by Naturwissenschaften, with the articles removed entirely and replaced by blank pages citing 'withdrawn due to article violation.' Historians traced the issue to copyright concerns and possible duplication-related misclassification, highlighting tensions between historical publishing practices and modern standards, and raising questions about retroactive enforcement and digital archiving.