RAMBO: Leaking Secrets from Air-Gap Computers by Spelling Covert Radio Signals from Computer RAM
Summary
RAMBO reveals a method for leaking data from air-gapped systems by emitting covert radio signals from RAM. With malware on an air-gapped machine and SDR hardware, attackers can transmit data to a distant receiver at up to 1000 bits per second, enabling leakage of keys, files, and biometric data. The paper discusses design, evaluation, related work, and proposes countermeasures to mitigate this threat.